Laser cutting technology is a comprehensive high-tech technology, which intersects the disciplines of optics, material science and engineering, mechanical manufacturing, numerical control technology and electronic technology, and belongs to the current hot spot of domestic and foreign science and technology circles and the industry. For more than 50 years, laser processing technology and applications have developed rapidly, and have been combined with multiple disciplines to form multiple technical application fields. The main processing technologies of laser include: laser cutting, laser welding, laser marking, laser drilling, Laser heat treatment, laser rapid prototyping, laser coating, etc.
Laser cutting technology is the main application of laser technology in industry. It accelerates the transformation of traditional processing industry and provides new means of modern industrial processing. It has become the most used laser processing method in the current industrial processing field. At present, laser cutting technology has been widely used in the pillar industries of the national economy such as machinery manufacturing, bridge construction, sheet metal processing, ship and automobile manufacturing, electrical and electronic industries, aviation and aerospace. With the continuous advancement and application of science and technology, laser cutting technology is bound to move further into other fields.
In recent years, laser processing technology has developed very rapidly and its applications have become more and more extensive. Therefore, lasers have been hailed as “universal processing tools” and “common processing methods for future manufacturing systems.” Enterprises in advanced industrial countries are undergoing qualitative changes in their production technology due to the extensive use of laser processing technology. Laser cutting technology is the main application of laser technology in industry. It accelerates the transformation of traditional processing industry and provides new means of modern industrial processing. It has become the most used laser processing method in the current industrial processing field and can account for the entire laser processing industry. 70% of the total.
Laser cutting is to use a focused high-power density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece. Under the premise of the laser power density exceeding the laser threshold, the energy of the laser beam and the additional chemical reaction heat energy of the active gas-assisted cutting process are all absorbed by the material, which causes The temperature of the laser action point rises sharply, and when the boiling point is reached, the material begins to vaporize and form holes. With the relative movement of the beam and the workpiece, the material finally forms a slit, and the sediment at the slit is blown away by a certain auxiliary gas.
Laser cutting has been widely used in modern industry due to its wide cutting range, high cutting speed, narrow cutting seam, good cutting quality, small heat-affected zone, and large additive flexibility. Laser cutting technology has also become laser processing technology. One of the most mature technologies in China. Compared with other light, laser has the following characteristics: high brightness, high directivity, high monochromaticity, and high coherence. It is precisely because of the four major characteristics of laser that it has been widely used, which brings the following valuable features to laser processing that are not available in traditional processing.
(1) Since there is no contact processing, and the energy and moving speed of the laser beam are adjustable, a variety of processing can be realized.
(2) It can be used to process a variety of metals and non-metals, especially materials with high hardness, high brittleness and high melting point.
(3) There is no “tool” wear during laser processing, and no “cutting force” acts on the workpiece.
(4) The heat-affected zone of the workpiece processed by laser is small, the thermal deformation of the workpiece is small, and the subsequent processing volume is small.
(5) The laser can perform various processing on the workpiece in the closed container through the transparent medium.
(6) The laser is easy to guide. Through focusing, various directions can be changed, and it is very easy to cooperate with the numerical control system to process complex workpieces. Therefore, laser cutting is an extremely flexible cutting processing method.
(7) Laser processing has high production efficiency, stable and reliable processing quality, and significant economic and social benefits
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Post time: Aug-05-2021